(Attention has been focused on visual imagery hence the designation ‘pictorial’ though of. The claim is, rather, that mental images represent in a way that is relevantly like the way pictures represent. However, further research focusing on its capacity as a screening instrument (to identify parents with serious bonding problems) and its sensitivity to change (necessary for the use in evaluation of intervention studies) is needed, in order to prove its clinical value. The idea that pictorial representations are literally pictures in the head is not taken seriously by proponents of the pictorial view of imagery (see, e.g., Kosslyn and Pomerantz 1977). The present findings provide support that the PRAM is as a valid, quick, and easy-to-administer instrument of parent-infant bonding. Age and parity were both found significantly related to M/PAAS and PRAM scores. Results show that the PRAM was significantly positively associated to a self-report questionnaire of antenatal attachment in both expectant mothers and fathers. Noun Phrase But two dimensions is not the minimal limit of pictorial representation. Noun Phrase Children can understand the communion of the saints in a pictorial representation. The present study examined a) whether a simple non-verbal (i.e., pictorial) measure of attachment (Pictorial Representation of Attachment Measure: PRAM) is a valid instrument to assess parental representations of the antenatal relationship with the fetus in expectant women and men and b) whether factors such as gender of the parent, parity, and age are systematically related to parental bonding during pregnancy.Īt 26 weeks gestational age, 352 primi- or multiparous pregnant women and 268 partners from a community based sample filled in the PRAM and the M/PAAS (Maternal/Paternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, Condon, 1985/1993). Noun Phrase A genogram is a pictorial representation of a family across several generations. Far less is known about the development of feelings of attachment in parents towards their children. Over the past decades, attachment research has predominantly focused on the attachment relationship that infants develop with their parents or that adults had with their own parents.
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